6.6 – Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction

1.Which hormone inhibits appetite?

2. What is the name and source of the hormone that regulates basal metabolic rate?

3. The graph shows changes in an individual’s blood glucose concentration over time. What hormones were secreted at J and K?

4. Cladograms can be created by comparing DNA or protein sequences. The cladogram on the left is based on DNA sequences and the cladogram on the right is based on comparing protein sequences. What is the reason that cladograms based on DNA sequences are more reliable predictors of the phylogenetic relationship of species than cladograms based on protein sequences?

5. Which hormone promotes the thickening of the endometrium and also inhibits the hormone that promotes the development of the follicle wall into the corpus luteum?

6. The diagram shows the male reproductive organs in front view. Which structures are indicated by the letters X, Y and Z?  

7. Pancreatic gland cells produce and secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes. Which organelles would you expect to be present in higher than normal amounts in such cells?

8. The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes infections related to the human reproductive system. The graph shows the percentage of samples in which this bacterium showed resistance to six antibiotics over a period of ten years. What is a possible explanation for the total percentage resistance being larger than 100% in 2010?

9. The graph shows the changes in blood glucose concentration of an untreated patient with type I diabetes and a non-diabetic person after a meal. Which statement correctly describes the events in this untreated diabetic patient immediately after a meal was eaten?

10. Which hormone controls circadian rhythms?

11. Which is a negative feedback mechanism in the menstrual cycle?

12. How can knowledge about the pineal gland function be applied?

13. How does the hypothalamus respond to a very high body temperature?

14. What is a characteristic of type II diabetes?

15. Which two hormones promote thickening of the endometrium?

16. How does the hypothalamus respond to a very high body temperature?

17. What happens when human body temperature rises during exercise?

18. Which describes the secretion of hormones in the pancreas in response to low levels of glucose in the blood?

19. Which hormone shows the greatest fall in blood concentration just before menstruation?

20. What characterizes type I diabetes?

21. What happens when human body temperature rises during exercise?

22. The diagram below shows the female reproductive system. What are the structures indicated by X, Y and Z?    

23. What is the body’s response to low blood glucose levels?

24. Where is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) produced in females and what is its function?

25. How does the body respond to an increase in body temperature? I.    Vasoconstriction of skin arterioles II.   Shivering III. Vasodilation of skin arterioles

26. Oral contraceptives taken by women contain the hormone progesterone. How does this prevent pregnancy?

27. The diagram shows a feedback pathway. Which sequence is an example of the pathway?

28. What structures are indicated on the diagram?

29. LH causes the rupture of a follicle and release of an egg cell. What is this process called?

30. What is a characteristic of type II diabetes?

31. What is the function of LH (luteinizing hormone) in the menstrual cycle?

32. Why does shivering occur?

33. What is a feature of type I diabetes but not type II diabetes?

34. The concentration of which hormone peaks sharply triggering ovulation?

35. The diagram shows a section through the male reproductive system. Which structure represents the prostate gland?

36. Which of the following are controlled by homeostasis? I.    Blood pH II.  Water balance III. Blood glucose concentration

37. What is a function of LH (luteinizing hormone)?  

38. Which of the following are controlled by homeostasis? I.   Blood pH II. Water balance III. Blood glucose concentration

39. Which of the following help to control body temperature on a very hot day? I.     Shivering II.   Sweating III. Skin arteriole dilation

40. The diagram shows the adult female reproductive system. Which label shows the cervix and which shows the usual site of fertilization?

41. Which of the following is a characteristic of type I but not type II diabetes?

42. Which hormone triggers ovulation?

43. Which words from the table below complete the sentence correctly? In the pancreas, _____I___ secrete glucagon, which ____II____ blood glucose levels.

44. What will be happening in a person after eight hours of sleep?

45. The diagram below shows the male reproductive system. Which are the epididymis and the seminal vesicle in the diagram?  

46. What are causes of type I and type II diabetes?

47. Which of the following is/are a role of testosterone in males? I.   Pre-natal development of male genitalia II. Maintenance of sex drive III. Increase in mental development

48. What are the roles of testosterone in males?  

49. What is a role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

50. What is the sequence of operations during IVF treatment?

51. What is the consequence of insufficient secretion of FSH in women?

52. What is the correct sequence of events used in IVF?

53. What is placed into the uterus after the process of in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

54. The diagram below represents the homeostatic control of body temperature. What does the part labelled X represent?

55. What are the structures labelled I and II on the diagram of the male reproductive system?

56. Which structure releases glucagon?