General Science IBDP Chemistry Uncategorized 8. Acids and Bases SL June 9, 2021 Shveta 0 Comments Acids and Bases, ibdp chemistry 1.An aqueous solution of which of the following reacts with magnesium metal?AmmoniaHydrogen chloride Potassium hydroxide Sodium hydrogencarbonate2. Which of the following is/are formed when a metal oxide reacts with a dilute acid? I. A metal salt II. Water III. Hydrogen gasI only I and II only II and III only I, II and III 3. Four aqueous solutions, I, II, III and IV, are listed below. 0.100 mol dm–3 HCl 0.010 mol dm–3 HCl III. 0.100 mol dm–3 NaOH 0.010 mol dm–3 NaOH What is the correct order of increasing pH of these solutions?I, II, III, IVI, II, IV, III II, I, III, IV II, I, IV, III4. Which substance can be dissolved in water to give a 0.1 mol dm–3 solution with a high pH and a high electrical conductivity?HCl NaCl NH3 NaOH 5. The pH of a solution is 2. If its pH is increased to 6, how many times greater is the [H+] of the original solution?3 41000 10 0006. The pH of solution X is 1 and that of Y is 2. Which statement is correct about the hydrogen ion concentrations in the two solutions?[H+] in X is half that in Y[H+] in X is twice that in Y[H+] in X is one tenth of that in Y[H+] in X is ten times that in Y7. Lime was added to a sample of soil and the pH changed from 4 to 6. What was the corresponding change in the hydrogen ion concentration?increased by a factor of 2increased by a factor of 100 decreased by a factor of 2decreased by a factor of 100 8. When the following 1.0 mol dm–3 solutions are listed in increasing order of pH (lowest first), what is the correct order?HNO3 < H2 CO3 < NH3 < Ba(OH)2NH3 < Ba (OH)2 < H2 CO3 < HNO3 Ba (OH)2 < H2 CO3 < NH3 < HNO3HNO3 < H2 CO3 < Ba (OH)2 < NH3 9. Which change in [H+] causes the biggest increase in pH?A change in [H+(aq)] from 1×10–3 to 1×10–2 mol dm–3 A change in [H+(aq)] from 1×10–3 to 1×10–4 mol dm–3A change in [H+(aq)] from 1×10–4 to 1×10–2 mol dm–3 A change in [H+(aq)] from 1×10–4 to 1×10–6 mol dm–310. Which methods can distinguish between solutions of a strong monoprotic acid and a weak monoprotic acid of the same concentration? I. Add magnesium to each solution and measure the rate of the formation of gas bubbles. II. Add aqueous sodium hydroxide to each solution and measure the temperature change. III. Use each solution in a circuit with a battery and lamp and see how bright the lamp glows.I and II only I and III only II and III only I, II and III 11. Which species are a conjugate pair according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?CH3COOH and CH3CHONH3 and BF3 H2NO3+ and NO3–H2SO4 and HSO4– 12. Which is not a strong acid?Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Carbonic acid Hydrochloric acid 13. Lime is added to a lake to neutralize the effects of acid rain. The pH value of the lake water rises from 4 to 7. What is the change in concentration of H+ ions in the lake water?An increase by a factor of 3 An increase by a factor of 1000 A decrease by a factor of 3A decrease by a factor of 1000 14. Which is a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base pair?H2O and O2–CH3COOH and CH3COO– NH4+ and NH2– H2SO4 and SO42–15. Solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)) and ethanoic acid (CH3COOH(aq)) of the same concentration reacted completely with 5.0 g of calcium carbonate in separate containers. Which statement is correct?CH3COOH(aq) reacted slower because it has a lower pH than HCl(aq)A smaller volume of CO2(g) was produced with CH3COOH(aq) than with HCl(aq)A greater volume of CO2(g) was produced with CH3COOH(aq) than with HCl(aq)The same volume of CO2(g) was produced with both CH3COOH(aq) and HCl(aq)16. Solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)) and ethanoic acid (CH3COOH(aq)) of the same concentration reacted completely with 5.0 g of calcium carbonate in separate containers. Which statement is correct?CH3COOH(aq) reacted slower because it has a lower pH than HCl(aq)A smaller volume of CO2(g) was produced with CH3COOH(aq) than with HCl(aq)A greater volume of CO2(g) was produced with CH3COOH(aq) than with HCl(aq)The same volume of CO2(g) was produced with both CH3COOH(aq) and HCl(aq)17. Which acids are strong? I. HCl(aq) II. HNO3(aq) III. H2SO4(aq)I and II only I and III only II and III only I, II and III 18. The pH of a solution changes from pH = 1 to pH = 3. What happens to the [H+] during this pH change?It increases by a factor of 100It decreases by a factor of 100It increases by a factor of 1000It decreases by a factor of 100019. What is the conjugate base of the HSO4–(aq) ion?H2SO4(aq)SO42–(aq) H2O(l) H3O+(aq) 20. Which species can act as a Lewis acid?BF3 OH– H2O NH3 21. Which substance, when dissolved in water, to give a 0.1 mol dm–3 solution, has the highest pH?HCl NaCl NH3 NaOH 22. Which methods will distinguish between equimolar solutions of a strong base and a strong acid? I. Add magnesium to each solution and look for the formation of gas bubbles. II. Add aqueous sodium hydroxide to each solution and measure the temperature change. III. Use each solution in a circuit with a battery and lamp and see how bright the lamp glows.I and II only I and III only II and III only I, II and III
