General Science GENETICS IBDP Biology Uncategorized 11.3 The kidney and osmoregulation June 2, 2021 Shveta 0 Comments Human Pshysiology, IBDP Biology, The kidney and osmoregulation 1.Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane?Nucleus Lysosome Chloroplast Mitochondrion 2. The table shows solute concentrations in normal blood plasma and the fluid in one section of the nephron. In which section of the nephron would you expect to fi nd these concentrations? ABCD3. The graph shows the daily amount of the residue of a drug in the wastewater of a hospital. What can be deduced from these data?The drug is not fully reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubulesThe glomeruli are not permeable to the drugThe collecting ducts reabsorb all of the drugThe drug is catabolized by the liver4. Which kidney adaptation would be expected in the desert kangaroo rat (Dipodomys deserti)?Increased nephron densityLonger proximal convoluted tubule Longer loop of Henle Increased ADH receptors on the collecting duct 5. Where are microvilli located in the nephron?Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of HenleCollecting duct 6. The diagram shows a nephron from a human kidney. In what part of the nephron would most glucose be reabsorbed? ABCD7. In which region of the kidney is the glomerulus found?Cortex only Medulla only Cortex and medulla Pelvis 8. Which letter correctly identifies the medulla? ABCD9. In a healthy kidney which of these substances would you expect to find in the tubular fluid entering the loop of Henle? I. Glucose II. Sodium ions III. Proteins I only I and II only II only II and III only 10. In a mammal that had just ingested a large volume of water, what would be secreted into the bloodstream? More ADH (vasopressin) Less epinephrine (adrenaline) More epinephrine (adrenaline) Less ADH (vasopressin)11. Where are structures I, II and III found in the human body? ABCD12. In which part of the nephron is salt secreted from the tubule to increase osmotic potential? ABCD13. What would result from drinking large quantities of water? ABCD14. The diagram shows the nephron in a kidney. Which labelled part is permeable to sodium and not to water? ABCD15. The diagram below shows a longitudinal section through a kidney. What is the structure labelled Z and what is its function? ABCD16. During urine production, what happens if the water content of the blood is too low?Membrane channels are produced in the cells of the collecting ductThe pituitary gland stops secreting ADHThe collecting duct becomes less permeable to waterLarge volumes of dilute urine are formed17. In the diagram of the nephron below, what structures are indicated by the letters Y and Z? ABCD18. Which of the following best describes what happens in the glomerulus?Selective reabsorption of water and molecules by active transport Ultrafiltration introduces water and other molecules into the capillariesRegulation of salt balance leading to the production of urineHigh blood pressure forces water and other molecules into the tubule lumen 19. The Bowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped structure that is part of the nephron. What is the source of glucose in the fluid in the Bowman’s capsule?Blood in the glomerulusUrine in the renal pelvisFiltrate in the distal convoluted tubule Interstitial fluid in the medulla 20. Which processes are required for the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney tubules? I. Simple diffusion II. Facilitated diffusion III. Active transportI and II only II and III only I and III only I, II and III 21. In the following diagram of the kidney, which structure contains urine? ABCD22. Which structure is acted upon by ADH (vasopressin)?Proximal convoluted tubule Bowman’s capsule Loop of Henle Collecting duct
