1.6 – Cell division

1.What occurs during meiosis but not mitosis?





2. Which diagram(s) represent(s) processes used in asexual reproduction?  





3. Cladograms can be created by comparing DNA or protein sequences. The cladogram on the left is based on DNA sequences and the cladogram on the right is based on comparing protein sequences.   What is the reason that cladograms based on DNA sequences are more reliable predictors of the phylogenetic relationship of species than cladograms based on protein sequences?





4. When during the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?





5. The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes infections related to the human reproductive system. The graph shows the percentage of samples in which this bacterium showed resistance to six antibiotics over a period of ten years. What is a possible explanation for the total percentage resistance being larger than 100% in 2010?





6. The graph shows the survival probabilities for current smokers and for those who never smoked among women 30 to 80 years of age. What can be deduced from this graph?





7. The diagram shows the concentration of four cyclins during the cell cycle. Which curve represents the cyclin that promotes the assembly of the mitotic spindle?





8. Which mitotic phase is labelled X in the micrograph of an onion (Allium cepa) root tip?





9. What is the process shown in this image?





10. During which stage does the cell surface area to volume ratio decrease?





11. During which stage does the cell surface area to volume ratio decrease?





12. What describes nuclear division in stem cells?





13. Which events occur during both mitosis and meiosis?





14. Which of the following processes take place during interphase in animal cells? I.     Spindle formation II.   Transcription and translation III.  Increase in numbers of mitochondria





15. Which phase of mitosis is shown in the photomicrograph?





16. What actions occur during interphase?





17. The following events occur in mitosis. X: Attachment of spindle microtubules to centromeres Y: Movement of sister chromatids to opposite poles Z: Supercoiling of chromosomes What is the correct sequence of events?





18. If there are 16 chromosomes in a cell that is about to divide, what will be the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell after division by mitosis or meiosis?





19. In which stage of mitosis is the cell labelled X?





20. What is the principal mode of division for the prokaryote Escherichia coli   ?





21. Which of the following does not occur during interphase?  





22. The diagram below shows a cell during mitosis. What are the structures and stage of mitosis?





23. Which events occur during the G1 phase and S phase of the cell cycle?





24. What happens during the G2 stage of interphase?





25. Which of the following take(s) place during interphase and mitosis in animal cells? I.     Re-formation of nuclear membranes II.   Pairing of homologous chromosomes III. DNA replication





26. During which stage of the cell cycle are the numbers of mitochondria increased in a cell?





27. Which of these processes require mitosis?





28. How do prokaryotic cells divide?





29. During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes duplicate?





30. What is a difference between a cell in the G1 phase and a cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle?  







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